Modification of Roots:-
for watch video https://youtu.be/j6Pwr8jxV08
Roots of some plants modify their shape and structure to adapt for additional functions. Rather than absorption and conduction of water they perform additional functions like support, storage of food and respiration.
Storage roots:
The primary tap roots are modified for storage of reserve food materials. The secondary roots remain thin. They absorb water and minerals. The storage roots swell up and assume various forms such as conical (carrot), fusiform or spindle shape (raddish), napiform or spherical (turnip, beet), tuberous (4 o’clock plant).
Respiratory roots:
The plants which grow in marshy areas develop branches of root that come out of he ground and grow vertically upward. This occurs as there is scarcity of oxygen in such places. These roots are called pneumatophores. Through these roots air moves inside the plant and cells get oxygen for cellular respiration. Eg. Rhizopora
Prop roots:
Roots that arise from the higher nodes or branches of stem of certain plants to provide extra support. Such stems are usually tall and slender and the prop roots develop at successively higher levels as the stem elongates. This is seen in banyan.
Adventitious Root modifications:
When adventitious roots are modified for various functions.
Adventitious root modified for storage:
They are swollen and take up various shapes to accommodate the stored and reserve food like tuberous, fibrous, nodulose, beaded, etc.
Stilt roots:
Supporting roots that arise from lower nodes of the stem that are used to provide
additional support as in the case of maize.
Climbing roots:
https://youtu.be/j6Pwr8jxV08
Roots arise from nodes that help weak stemmed plants in climbing up with help of support as in the case of money plant.
Foliar roots:
Roots arising from leaves as in case of Bryophyllum.
Haustorial roots:
Seen in parasitic plants. These roots pierce through the host tissue an suck out the nutrients as in Cuscuta.
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